Singapore's Unique Tripartite Model for Balancing Employers' Corporate Essay

Singapore's Unique Tripartite Model for Balancing Employers' Corporate Goals - Essay Example They are further fit for addressing the necessities of the administration to get dependability the economy just as thriving. This is conceivable due to the five column approach followed by the organizations in Singapore. The examination attempts to talk about the routes through which the National Trade Union Congress’ 5 Pillars is equipped for tending to the issues looked by the organizations. Chapter by chapter list Executive Summary 2 Introduction to Industrial Relation 4 Objective of the Paper 4 Industrial Relations in Singapore 4 Issues in Employee Relation in Singapore 6 The Tripartite Approach 7 Unique Tripartite Features of Singapore 10 Conclusion 11 References 12 Bibliography 14 Introduction to Industrial Relation Industrial connection has been sorted as one of the delicate just as mind boggling issues of contemporary modern culture. It is to be recollected that a business is viewed as effective if there is deliberate collaboration between the work and the administrati on. The fundamental goal of the sound mechanical relations isn't just finding the ways for settling the contentions yet additionally to keep up participation among the workers inside the business. It is to be recollected that it isn't at all a simple assignment to keep up great modern relations. ... f the examination is to recognize the modern relations of Singapore and to distinguish the routes through which the nation has been fit for keeping up proficient mechanical relations in the organizations. Five Pillars approach will be concentrated top to bottom and the examination will attempt to inspect the issues that can be adequately comprehended by five column approach. Modern Relations in Singapore ‘Industrial relations’ in Singapore has been designed according to the West Australian model, offering an arrangement of aggregate haggling alongside assuagement and mediation. The two noteworthy bits of enactment directed the mechanical relations of Singapore. They are Trade Union Act, the key job of which has been to allow affirmation to the worker's guilds just as businesses who are enrolled. The other bit of enactment has been Industrial Relation Act whose standard exercises have been the distinguishing proof of the principles so as to complete the arrangement and ad vancement of the Industrial Arbitration Court (IAC) to research the questions and ensuring understandings. The framework was being worked in a reasonable manner. The dealing requests made were satisfied by the associations upon the business on the off chance that the exchange began. After the finishing of the understanding effectively, the understandings were passed on the IAC with the end goal of choice and accreditation. On the off chance that the understanding was not understood, the issue was sent with the end goal of assuagement. On the off chance that the mollification was not compelling enough, matter was alluded to the IAC with the end goal of intervention. Whatever choice the IAC would have shown up at, would be considered as last. The laborers were paid with ex gratia rewards by the businesses. The extra installments were very unrestricted and were infrequently joined

The Moths Free Essays

Using Symbolism and Characterization In the short story â€Å"The Moths† by Helena Maria Viramontes, the creator utilizes imagery and portrayal to paint the location of a young lady in an artistic fiction that has lost her direction and winds up ending up inside her Grandmother through the patterns of life.Through the eyes of an anonymous young lady we remember a past that has both a horrendous closure and another rope on life; nonetheless, we don't arrive without first being demonstrated the way, enter â€Å"The Moths†. The writer uses furthest edges of the light range to mean beginnings and endings by painting a clear picture for the peruser: â€Å"There comes when the sun is disobedient. We will compose a custom paper test on The Moths or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Pretty much when states of mind change, unavoidable periods of a day, advances starting with one shading then onto the next, that hour or moment or second when the sun is at long last vanquished, at last sinks into the acknowledgment that it can't with all its capacity to recuperate or consume, exist perpetually, there comes an enlightenment where the sun and earth meet, a last explosion of consuming red orange rage advising us that in spite of the fact that endings are inescapable, they are essential for resurrections, and when the opportunity arrived, exactly when I turned on the light in the kitchen to open Abuelita’s soup, it was presumably then that she died† (Viramontes 4).She discloses to the peruser why the sun causes various shades of red and orange for the duration of the day, the shades themselves speak to a life expectancy of various ages, which turn various hues with the coming seasons â€Å"of the day†, rather than the year, toward the finish of that day the sun passes on and another moon is conceived instead of that sun, and when a moon bites the dust the sun is renewed the following day, thus goes the pattern of life. With this the storyteller likewise expresses that â€Å"endings are inevitable† thus when we take a gander at the Grandmother we definitely realize that she will bite the dust since her end is, as the storyteller says â€Å"inevitable†.The last line in the portion is maybe the absolute most significant piece that ties the entirety of the use of imagery together. At the point when the storyteller turns the light on, another day has begun as a resurrection brought about by her Grandmothers passing the moon in the story isn't as present as the sun, be that as it may, we realize that the Grandmother’s name is â€Å"Luna†, which interpreted in the storytellers local tongue of Spanish is â€Å"moon†, we realize her language is Spanish on account of the reliable utilization of Latin terms like; â€Å"Placa†, â€Å"Menudo†, or even â€Å"Heliotrope†, which is a local plant of Peru.Since the moon is the total inverse of the sun we can sa y that, in the human component of the story there is Grandma Luna which is as of now at the closure of her â€Å"moon life† and toward the start of her resurrection towards another day as the â€Å"sun†, the light, as an image of resurrection speaking to the sun, seems once again in the story, where in the wake of her Grandmothers demise, the storyteller is viewing the moths â€Å"fluttering to light†, conveying her Grandmother’s soul to a spot were it can become reborn.I accept that the author’s deliberately picked name of â€Å"Luna† for the Grandmother was in actuality to show the peruser that our demise is inescapable however our resurrection as far as satisfaction is changeable.Equally significant in the story is the utilization of portrayal to show the peruser precisely who the hero in the story is and what sort of life she is living, we previously read of her sisters and how they act as opposed to the hero: â€Å"I [the narrator] was n’t even pretty or decent like my more established sisters and I just couldn’t do the young lady things they could do†, the storyteller first obtusely tells the peruser that she is not quite the same as her sisters and afterward shows the peruser precisely how they are not the equivalent using portrayal, â€Å"My hands were too large to deal with the delicacies of sewing or weaving and I generally pricked my fingers or tied my shaded strings over and over while my sisters chuckled and called me bull hands with their adorable waterlike voices. †. With the entirety of this data we can tell that the storyteller is experiencing issues in her own way and doesn't feel good in her own body, it appears that she is even more a kid then a young lady as indicated by the norms set out by her mom and father. However, can any anyone explain why the storyteller ought to fit in with these norms? Now we definitely realize that they are rather than one another yet the explanation concerning for what reason is profound established through one more mean, conformity.Her father is extremely committed to his strict convictions and needs his family to adjust, â€Å"He would pound his hands on the table, shaking the sugar dish or spilling some espresso and shout that on the off chance that I didn’t go to mass each Sunday to spare my goddamn erring soul, at that point I had no motivation to leave the house, time frame. Punto last. †, the storyteller has issues with this since she wouldn't like to adjust to something she doesn't herself trust in. The peruser realizes she feels awkward in a congregation since she says â€Å"I was separated from everyone else. I know why I had never returned† when she went to the house of prayer, accordingly we are left to the end that the storyteller has a free soul that longs to turn out to be liberated from the convictions that have been presented to her. As it were she is totally different of her whole family, or so we see in this manner far.Grandma Luna is a fascinating character, she doesn't have numerous lines in the story yet the introduction of her character assumes a significant job with regards to who precisely she is, the place she originated from, where she is going, yet much increasingly significant, where she is driving the storyteller. The Grandmother’s life matches that of the storyteller in the regard that at some point during her life she was likewise resistant, â€Å"The scars on her back which were as thick as the existence lines on the palms of her hands caused me to acknowledge how little I truly knew about Abuelita†. This line is educational to the storyteller, just because she understands that she isn't the only one in her own beliefs.She additionally needs to turn out to be free similar to her Grandmother is, â€Å"I enjoyed her patio since it was protected by the vines of the chayotes and I could get a decent gander at the individuals and vehicle traffic on Evergreen without them knowing†, she loves the yard on the grounds that the vines are developing in and around her Grandmothers home, she likewise feels ensured by the vines. We likewise realize she thinks about her Grandmother, as a result of the manner in which she discusses her, â€Å"Really, I told my Ama it was just fair†. Indeed, even before her acknowledgment of Grandma Luna’s disobedience the storyteller felt a solid association with her, however observing the scars she has an incredible feeling of why it is that she gets along so well with her Grandmother. They are both particularly indistinguishable, and she feels â€Å"safe† around her, â€Å"I [the narrator] consistently felt her dim eye on me.It caused me to feel, in a weird kind of way, protected and watched and not the only one. Like God should make you feel†, the creators decision of the word â€Å"was†, reveals to us that god doesn't cause her to feel safe, rather it is her Grandmother whom she trusts in. The storyteller herself is rebellious and even impolite now and again, anyway her disobedience isn't managed without reason; it is done as a result of her own convictions. Her mom and father have solid strict convictions and attempt to compel those convictions upon her, when she wouldn't like to adjust she fakes going to chapel and rather, heads toward her Grandmother’s home where she discovers comfort in helping her Grandmother with her every day chores.Viramontes decides to keep the storyteller anonymous so the peruser feels like they are assuming the job of the storyteller, on the off chance that she had named her â€Å"Alice† or â€Å"Lisa†, at that point the crowd probably won't have felt a solid association with the storyteller and the message of resurrection and changing your own psychological status to accomplish a type of edification, might not have been practiced. At long last we understand the motivation behind the story, it tells about the resurrection any individual can make by changing the manner in which they see the world. The storyteller saw the world spic and span without precedent for an alternate light on account of her Grandmother’s passing and resulting resurrection through the moths, conveying her spirit to â€Å"new light†. It’s not from an exacting perspective that the storyteller is conceived once more; rather it’s all the more a psychological status change that the storyteller has experienced, and as a result of that she finds a sense of contentment with herself. The most effective method to refer to The Moths, Papers The Moths Free Essays â€Å"The Moths† is a short story by Helena Viramontes, which mirrors the existence drove by the Latin American ladies, and portrays how Chicana ladies were separated due to their sex. Ladies were misused in view of their sexual orientation from the greater part of the associations like regal families, the congregation, tyrannical governments, and those ladies who set out to restrict these associations and keep their principles were additionally unsettled. The creator additionally watches, how a women’s conceptive framework was likewise under investigation, and how ladies needed to put forth an attempt to accomplish control over their own bodies. We will compose a custom paper test on The Moths or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now The story, in contrast to the title, is with respect to a young lady who needs to confront the real factors of her grandmother’s afflictions and demise. The title of the story, â€Å"The Moths,† shows how these moths help in delineating a sentiment of enchantment, resurrection, and which at long last become an embodiment of the grandma. The association between the moths and the significant characters in the story helps t

Unlock your ideas and write that document

Open your thoughts and compose that report The most ideal approach to open the data in your mind In this way, you’ve got something you have to compose. It may be a report you’ve needed to do heaps of research on, until the realities and thoughts are packed and bumping against one another in your mind. Or then again perhaps it’s a record for which you have all the vital realities in your psyche as of now. In any case, presently you need an approach to get all that information off of your mind and onto the paper before you can go any further. In any case, what’s the most ideal approach to do this? By what method can you effectively open all the data you need? Enter, the brain map. Presently, you may have taken a stab at utilizing mind maps previously and felt they didnt truly work for you. In any case, dont excuse them at this time. In this video, Rob uncovers how you can utilize them in various manner: to take advantage of all the information you as of now have (and understand the holes in what you realize that youll need to fill). Watch the video to see us show how to immediately put this basic yet integral asset to work, and hear Rob clarify: the constraints of records for arranging a report, and a superior way [0:27] why in any event, utilizing the better method isn't perfect [2:01] the apparatus you have to use rather than any sort of rundown [2:16] the significant methodology you have to take in setting up your psyche map (and what you should abstain from doing) [2:51] how you can utilize mind maps as a component of your examination procedure and to move beyond squares [05:43]. This post is taken from an exercise in our web based preparing program Emphasis 360, which improves your writing in handy, scaled down week by week exercises. You can discover increasingly about Emphasis 360 and review more exercises for nothing here. Picture credit: retrorocket/Shutterstock

Video Games and Its Components - 1100 Words

Video Games and Its Components (Coursework Sample) Content: Name:Instructor:Course:Date:IntroductionVideo game is software that is used for entertainment, playing games and stimulation. It can also be defined as a form of entertainment in which a player responds to electronically generated images that appear on the screen of a device. These games can be designed for single player or multiplayer or can be web based or run directly from device hard ware (Subrahmanyam 12). Examples of such device are mobile phones, personal computer and tablets. A PC provides graphics and processing power that allows developer to create games. The mouse and the keyboard control configuration that allows the designer to create games.Video game console is a computer that is designed for playing games. It can be used by a single player or multiplayer. It has to be connected with television in order do display the games. Some example of console games are Sony Play station 3, Nintendoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s and Microsoftà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬sà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ Xbox. These games are in form of CD or DVD. Cell phones are portable device and can also be used to play video games (Subrahmanyam15).This video game differs both in hardware and software. Hardware refers to any physical device that is tangible. Some of the hardware used to play video games are; cell phones, smart phone devices, iPods, laptops, interactive digital TV and desktops. Software on the other hand, is the collection of instructions and codes in the device. They are programmed and are intangible (Chandler 25).Differences of video games hardware development for desktop and console from cell phones hardware. * Physical SizeThe hard ware for video games in desktop are large compared with a cell phone. The size of the desktop is almost 10 times larger than a cell phone. While playing a game, from either a desktop or console the components used are big. Such components are the keyboard and mouse in the case of a desktop and a TV in case of a console. All this hardware are large compared to cell p hone (Gantzler 69). * Number of componentsVideo game for desktop and console requires more components. In case, one is using a desktop machine, mouse and a keyboard must be there. A CPU is also required. Likewise, when using a console a TV has to be connected. In cell phone video game, only the phone is required (Subrahmanyam 23). * PortabilityCell phones are smaller than a desktop, and therefore fit in ones hand. They are designed for mobility. They also have internal batteries which can be charged anywhere. This means that they can be carried from can place to another. Hence, video games can be played anywhere anytime (Gantzler 78). * WeightDesktop are heavy and so they are not portable hence can only be used at one fixed point. Mobile phones on the other hand, are light and flexible hence can be carried anywhere any time. Therefore, a game that is installed in a desktop or a console is likely to be played only in doors. This is because it can be hard to carry desktop or console out (Chandler 29). * Display.The displays of desktop and TVs are larger compared with that of a cell phone. This means that even the display of the video game in a desktop will be larger than that of a cell phone. Desktop display has a sharp visual and has highest pixel density. A cell phone device has limited control and input while a desktop do not have this constraint (Chandler 36).Differences of video games software development for desktop and console from cell phones hardware. * StorageThe storage of a desktop machine is larger compared with that of a cell phone (Gantzler 36). This means that desktop software can save more games each with higher memory. Cell phone software is almost ten times smaller than that of a desktop or console. Hence, the cell phone games will open very slowly or it cannot be seen at all, especially if it contains large images and content. It can also crash the phone device. * Different programmingIn the recent days, mobile programming has grown 10 time s faster than desktop programming. A desktop has at least 1 GHz processor, 1 GB RAM and a few gigabytes while a cell phone has 20MHz processor and 100 kb of memory (Novak 82). This makes a big difference between the video games in a desktop and in a cell phone. * Multiple taskingMost cell phones are designed to do a single task are one time unlike in a desktop where one can perform many task at ago. This means when one is playing a video game in a cellphone he or she can not open another application other than the game with the same phone. One cannot even listen to the music using the same device (Chandler 59). * Power storage.In a desk top machine and console, the power source has to be always connected unlike in a cell phone where the phone has to be charged (Novak 100). Comparing two people playing video games, one using a desktop or a console and another using a cell phone, in case power goes off, the person using the phone will still continues to play the video game. * Functio nalityMobile phones have less functionality compared to desktop. This is because cell phones are hand held devices with less computing power than the desktop. This functionality varies between the web applications as some are simplistic while o...

A Comparative Analysis of Three Successful Canadian Organisations - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1245 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Compare and contrast essay Level High school Did you like this example? Rocky Mountain Soap Company Rocky Mountain Soap Company is a small Canadian company thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s in the business of producing and selling bath and body products. Their mission statement is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“to find the most nurturing and therapeutic ingredients nature has to offer and impart their healing qualities into a collection of 100% natural bath and body productsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Soap, 2014). Rock Mountain Soap was founded by Cam Baty and Karina Birch and was originally a small shop located in Canmore (Soap, 2014). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Comparative Analysis of Three Successful Canadian Organisations" essay for you Create order They now have ten stores and a large workshop in Canmore, AB. (Soap, 2014). Rocky Mountain Soapà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s website contains useful information about the company and their products. On the home page they showcase their featured product line. Their website also contains a page called à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“why natural mattersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . This page has a lot of useful information on the ingredients that they use as well as what ingredients to avoid when using other body and bath products. This proves their mission is indeed focused around producing 100% natural bath and body products. It also shows that their motives for business arenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t necessarily to make gobs of money, but rather to provide a healthy alternative to most bath and body products. The website also contains an online store where you can order their products and have them shipped to your door. The about us page provides information that emphasizes their passion for nature and all it has to offer. Rocky Mountain Soap is a very ethical company. Through their mission to provide 100% natural body and bath products, they show that they care for their consumers. To s certain degree Rocky mountain soap possesses a strong amount of utilitarianism, which is when you make decisions based on their outcomes or consequences to provide the greatest good for the greatest number. This is apparent when viewing their online store. Their products are reasonably priced considering the ingredients they use to produce them. A single bar of soap (see figure 2) costs 5.25 and contains the following ingredients: Coconut oil, canola oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, shea butter, Natural Jasmine and Gardenia, Natural vanilla, Natural Berry, Ultramarines (Pink color). Considering that these products arenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t being mass produced, at that price point their contribution margin isnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t very large but still enough to make a small profit. This shows that they strive to make their products affordable and approachable to everyone. Their passion for finding natural healthy ingredients to ensure the safe consumption of bath and body products shows that Rocky Mountain Soap Companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s organizational culture is both ethical and interesting. WestJet WestJet is a very successful Canadian airline. They were founded in 1996 by Clive Beddoe along with a team of like-minded partners whose beliefs were that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“just because you pay less for your flight, doesnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t mean you should get lessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (WestJet, 2014). WestJet today is an affordable airline with unprecedented service. Their website is a portal to everything you need to book your next flight. From a simple one-way in province flight, to a 2 week vacation paired and a car rental, their website has you covered. They have a webpage that contains offers for discounted vacation packages, showing that they strive to find the best deals available for their c ustomers. Using their many corporate partners they make finding a vacation package easy and affordable. Their about WestJet page provides us with insight on their organizational culture. Their entire corporate culture has been built around caring for their customers by providing a great experience (WestJet, 2014). Their mission statement is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“to enrich the lives of everyone in WestJetà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s world by providing safe, friendly affordable air travelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (WestJet, 2014). Through positive organizational culture, WestJet has become one of Canadaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s most successful airline. Their vision is to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“be one of the five most successful international airlines in the world by providing our guests with a friendly caring experience that will change air travel foreverà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (WestJet, 2014). One of WestJetà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s most admirable values is that they strive to align the interests of their customers with those of the company (WestJet, 2014). Meaning they really just want to know how to please their consumer so they can provide a service that is unmatched by any other airline. Along with their commitment for caring, WestJet separates themselves from the rest by simply caring for their customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s needs. From their passion for caring and their vision to be a top five international airline, WestJet has found success from unique organizational culture. Goodlife Fitness Goodlife Fitness is one of Canadaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s most successful fitness club. Part of Goodlifeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s success is due to its outstanding organizational culture. Their Culture is focused around a passion for caring. Their mission statement is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“to give every Canadian the opportunity to live a fit and healthy good lifeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Goodlife Fitness, 2014). Goodlifeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s website is a portal to everything you need to know to get started down the path of a à ¢Ã¢â€ š ¬Ã…“healthy good lifeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . The first thing you see on their front page is an offer for a free three visit pass, allowing you to sample what they have to offer before you make any sort of commitment. The website also contains a lot of valuable information about what exactly the clubs have to offer. The about us page contains information on the company and its history. Goodlife fitness has 320 club locations across Canada with over one million members (Goodlife Fitness, 2014). They were founded in 1979 by David Patchell-Evans and now employ over 13,000 associates with over 2500 corporate partners (Goodlife Fitness, 2014). Goodlife spends a great deal of time investing in their communities (Goodlife Fitness, 2014). From helping charitable and not-for-profit organizations to sponsoring and volunteering at events in the community, Goodlife stays true to their passion for caring (Goodlife Fitness, 2014). By establishing their company as a community figure they not only s how that they truly do care, but also attract more customers that will help their organization grow and succeed. David Patchell-Evans, or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Patchà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , is the founder and CEO of Goodlife fitness. He is an outstanding leader that is responsible for creating Goodlifeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s amazing organizational culture. Patch is a transformational leader because he provides a clear mission and vison for his associates to follow and be inspired by. He makes sure that every new employee receives a copy of his book, Living the Good Life: Your Guide to Health and Success (Robins, 2009). At Goodlife employees actually hold the title of an associate (Goodlife Fitness, 2014). This gives a sense of empowerment to the associates because they feel that they are more than just a subordinate and have a sense of independence when making decisions. This also creates a great deal of organizational commitment, which is the degree an employee identifies with the organization (Nancy Langton, 2011). Goodlife fitness has proven the importance of positive organizational culture. Through amazing leadership and community investment, Goodlife Fitness is one of Canadaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s most interesting organizational cultures. References Goodlife Fitness. (2014). About Goodlife Fitness. Retrieved from Goodlife Fitness: https://www.goodlifefitness.com/about/ Nancy Langton, S. P. (2011). Fundamentals of Organizational Behaviour 5th Canadian edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, USA: Pearson Education, Inc. Robins, G. (2009, November 12). Corporate culture gives an edge. National Post. Soap, R. M. (2014). Shop On-line. Retrieved from Rocky Mountain Soap: https://www.rockymountainsoap.com/productDetails/1146064/1019833/1000144 Soap, R. M. (2014). Who are we? Retrieved from Rocky Mountain Soap: https://www.rockymountainsoap.com/webpage/1002389/1000144 Soap, R. M. (2014). Why Natural Matters. Retrieved from Rocky Mountain Soap: https://www.rockymountainsoap.com/webpage/1002390/1000144 WestJet. (2014). About WestJet. Retrieved from WestJet: https://www.westjet.com/guest/en/about/index.shtml

Women in Anglo-Saxon England Essay - 1685 Words

Women in Anglo-Saxon England Anglo-Saxon literature was based on Germanic myths about battles, heroes, diseases, dragons and religion. Writers did not pay much attention to female issues, and there are only few poems that talk about them. Beowulf and â€Å"The Wife’s Lament† are two examples that briefly consider women’s lives in that time. Anglo-Saxon history and poetry portray women’s lives as uneasy and dependent on their husbands’ positions. Women had to endure arranged marriages, abuse and male dominance. Marriage meant very much to women particularly for their status and economic security. In the medieval era, people wed within their class and only a slave could sometimes find his match†¦show more content†¦Slavery was common in medieval England. Slave-women were treated with much less respect than the free ones, and their wergild was smaller: â€Å"If a man raped a virgin who was the king’s property, he had to pay fifty shillings to the king, while if she were a grinding-slave it would be twenty-five shillings. And at last if the girl were a third class (no one knows what that meant) it would be only twelve shillings† (Fell 107). This system was very easy on rich men. They were untouchable as long as they had the money to pay wergild. Ironically, abuse was accepted, and the king became richer from it. GRAPH On the other hand, in the kingdom the king respected his queen and she played an important role. In the poem Beowulf, Wealhtheow is a Danish queen and Hrothgar’s wife. She is mentioned as Hrothgar’s lover and sexual partner: â€Å"The lord of the Shieldings, their shelter in war, left the mead-hall to lie with Wealhtheow, his queen and bedmate†(46). In the hall, Wealhtheow serves alcoholic drinks to all the guests (only women were allowed to serve alcohol). She is a cup-bearer during the celebration: â€Å"So the Helming woman went on her rounds, queenly and dignified, decked out in rings, offering the goblet to all ranks† (45). Since women were meant to stay out of trouble, they never got an opportunity to learn how to defend themselves. When Beowulf dies, one Geat woman screams in grief, and she fears theShow MoreRelated Epic Poem, Beowulf - Women in Beowulf and Anglo-Saxon Society971 Words   |  4 PagesWomen in Beowulf and Anglo-Saxon Society       Beowulf, one of the most translated and reproduced epics of all time, is literature that concerns characters. While Beowulf himself is the obvious hero of this Anglo-Saxon epic, many companions and fellow travelers are mentioned throughout the text. Some of these secondary characters are almost as noble and courageous as Beowulf himself, while others are lowly cowards. Be what they may, all are captured in this timeless tale of adventure. Women,Read MoreEssay On Shakespeare s Beowulf And Anglo Saxon Society944 Words   |  4 PagesRole of Women in Beowulf and Anglo-Saxon Society Beowulf, the hero of Anglo-Saxon epic, had many adventures, and many companions and fellow-warriors are mentioned throughout his story. Some of them seem noble and courageous, truly living up to the standards of their culture; some seem cowardly. But all have gained immortality in the words, many times transcribed and translated, of the famous epic. However, the women of the time are rarely mentioned in Beowulf. Still, even from those few womenRead More Role of Women in the Epic of Beowulf and Anglo-Saxon Society932 Words   |  4 PagesRole of Women in Beowulf and Anglo-Saxon Society  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Beowulf, the hero of Anglo-Saxon epic, had many adventures, and many companions and fellow-warriors are mentioned throughout his story. Some of them seem noble and courageous, truly living up to the standards of their culture; some seem cowardly. But all have gained immortality in the words, many times transcribed and translated, of the famous epic. However, the women of the time are rarely mentioned in Beowulf. Still, even from those fewRead MoreHeroic Values In Beowulf731 Words   |  3 Pageswritten by an unknown Anglo-Saxon poet, displays heroic and demonic behaviors. Taking place in the Anglo-Saxon era between 449-1066 A.D. Within this era, three civilizations arose; The Anglos, The Saxons, and The Jutes. Anglo-Saxon Invaders took control over most of England, becoming the earliest civilizations to settle on England. The Anglo-Saxons relished and honored four main values; courage, strength, glory, and loyalty. Beowulf, an epic poem, denotes the important Anglo-Saxon values thr ough theRead MoreEssay on The Age of Chaucer567 Words   |  3 Pagesthat England, at that time, went through and their intimate relations with the Age of Chaucer in order to understand fully the background of this age. Great Britain is divided into England, Wales and Scotland. Its inhabitants, the Britons, spoke Celtic. From the first to the fifth century, England was a province of the Roman Empire and was named Britannia. In addition to this change, the Roman invaders brought Christianity, thus, the entire island converted to it gradually. The Anglo-Saxon invadersRead MoreWomen During The Anglo Saxon Time Periods1301 Words   |  6 PagesWomen during the Anglo-Saxon time periods had very few choices when it came to how to live their lives. If one were actually given an option, it would be restricted to either having to take austere oaths, or marriage. Marriages back then were seen as business propositions between men or families, where a man â€Å"buys† a wife. Marriages also played an important role regarding the advancement of Christianity to England s irreligious kingdoms, when commonly an aristocratic woman who comes from a ChristianRead MoreHarold Godwinson : A Powerful Anglo Saxon Family2028 Words   |  9 Pages Introduction Harold Godwinson was born in the 1022s to a powerful Anglo-Saxon family in Wessex, United Kingdom. Throughout his life, he achieved many great things, including being the last Anglo-Saxon to be crowned King of England and being the Earl of Wessex. He was at the top of the social structure from the 6th of January 1066 until his death fighting the Norman Invaders on the 14th of October at the Battle of Hastings. The Battle of the Hastings was a majorRead MoreTrace the Development of English Lit During Any One Period...as Part of Your Discussion Highlight How Significant Events in the Influence the Writing...Additionally Show How Characteristics of the Genre the Writer Uses3085 Words   |  13 Pagesno limitations to where you can go. This quotation may apply to the span of the Anglo-Saxon period because of the coherent linkage to the origination of the English dialect and the modernization of English Literature. Over the years English literature has evolved g reatly. There have been diverse changes to the structure and development of English language since the advent of Old English dialect during the Anglo-Saxon period to what we now speak and consider to be English language. â€Å"Old English isRead MoreAnglo-Saxon Literature Was Composed Between The Years 6501510 Words   |  7 PagesAnglo-Saxon literature was composed between the years 650 and 1110. Beowulf is one of the most famous epics written during this time. It’s also known as the oldest surviving Germanic epic and the longest Old English poem. Most stories written during this time were about the deeds of warriors, heroic acts, and religion. Beowulf is a warrior from the Geats who is asked to come protect king Hrothgar from an attack by a sea monster named Grendel. All of these characters are men. There are very few epicsRead MoreDragon as a Metaphor1646 Words   |  7 Pageswere trying to rewrite history. It was mainly written in an attempt to convert the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity and change the governing style to Feudalism, among other things. Examples of this are their use of the Forest as a metaphor for Hell. Anglo-Saxon Paganism made the forest the home of their Gods, and the Bards needed to change that. Another element, is the role women play in society. The Bards made women out to be servants, rather than equal. Finally, the bards added Irony to improve the

Managing the Employment Relationship

Question: Describe about the management activities of a food production organization and also discuss the benefits and disadvantages. Answer: Introduction: Road map to the report: In this report, it will discuss about the management activities of a food production organization. Advice to the management of food organization will be given to maintain the partnership with FDAWU. The benefits and disadvantages are also discussed in this paper. A proper suggestion to the management is mentioned in this report. A food manufacturing organization is that where a variety of food or a particular food item are manufactured. A food manufacturing organization has 70 % represented with FDAWU and the food operators are represented by FDAWU. FDAWU is the foundation of food drinks allied workers unit that is fourth largest unit affiliated to national trade union Congress (NTUC) established in Singapore. FDAWU is recognized for the bargaining and shop floor reps are also included in the presentation of their members and grievance process. The partnership between management of the food manufacturing organization and FDAWU will discuss in this report. Background to partnership agreement in the UK: A partnership exists when two or more than people are the owner of a firm or organization. That term of ownership is known as a partnership. Management of food organization has a membership with FDAWU but they want to ignore the role of a trade union. So all the strategy are given below which are very necessary to implement such as food quality, production rate, management and the flexibility between workers. These strategies will be very helpful to gain the profit for the food manufacturing organization. All the effects of partnership agreement such as merits and demerits will explain in this paper (Bishop et al 2013). The characteristics of partnership are given below: An effective partnership is very necessary for any organization. So an agreement of partnership is also very important. An effective partnership is very helpful to improve the management that will help to improve the productivity. It is very helpful to improve the quality of food and to increase the output (Chong 2013). A partnership agreement is also a source to improve the understanding between the partners of the company. If there is a partnership agreement then it is also helpful to implement the essential and effective policy (Lang and Heasman 2015). It ensures an ultimate standard of employment practices. It is also beneficial to create the transparency between the management and the workers. A partnership agreement creates a stream line structure for the staff and the trade union (Cheong 2013). If there is a partnership firm then it is helpful to let the partners contribute their ideas and experience that is very helpful to gain profit. TUC Principles of Partnership: TUC is trade union center established in the United State of America. Trade union partnership is that where the management and the employees of the company work with a mutual understanding to earn the profit and to increase the productivity, this is called TUC. According to TUC, all employees of the company do not take the sick leave very much and they are fully devoted to do their work, this type of partnership called trade union congress partnership. The management of the company and staff work only for the progress of the company to improve the productivity (Newcomb et al 2013). TUC partnership is very good and the management of the company is advised to make the TUC partnership agreement. There are six principles of the TUC: There is a partnership for the success of the enterprise and all the partners are committed to do their job passionately to the growth of the company. There is shared commitment by all the employees and the higher authorities of the company to earn the profit (Congress 2013). It includes a less employee turnover, so the cost of the salary given to an employee is very less. All the employees come to the office daily; they did not the leave so much. TUC partnership is very important to grow the company in less time span as the rate of innovation is high in this type of partnership agreement (Ache and Wood 2016). All the partners conduct a survey program and start the analysis of the market to know about the views of the customers for the product and according to the demand and interest of the customers, they manufacture the product. The management of the company committed for the security of the staff. If there is any incident happens in the company, management took the responsibility for that incident and gives all the expense of the treatment. The management committed to provide the security to every employee. According to the principle of the TUC, higher authorities give the claim money if anything happens to the employees (Congress 2013). The management as well as the employees focuses on the quality of the product. There is a certain time given to the employees to complete the manufacturing process of the product. All work together to manage the working life and to improve the product quality. There is a high devotion of the workers and employees for the growth of the company (Newcomb et al 2014). A friendly environment also leads towards success. So according to TUC principles, there must be a friendly working environment. All the management and the employees works together, a good relation between the management and the employees is very helpful to increase the productivity. So the management of the food organization is advised to work in a friendly environment. Adding value is also a principle of the TUC which is helpful for the success of the company. UK Case Example: TUC is established in UK (United Kingdom). There are about 300 workers who are trying to let work together to all the unions of U.K. So they are using some policies so that all the union of the United Kingdom works together for the better result. TUC partnership is very important for the success of the company. The management of the food organization is advised to combine the responsibilities of their work with the TUC so that the great profit can be earned. The employees of trade union center of UK are using some strategies such as international and national seminar and by representing the workers as the public bodies. They analyze the market and make a survey report with the help of employee ideas and then manufacture the product so that a high rate of profit can be earned. In UK, staff can take the leave up to five paid days at any time in a year. If workers have an emergency then they can take urgent leave. The staff also can apply for the part-time work during the office hours a nd management cannot refuse to give the extra work without any reason. So, this is the UK based example of the TUC (Schlagwein and Bjrn-Andersen 2014). The organizations in UK played a vital role in the relationship between the employees and employers of any industry. A very famous organization, CBI did not participate as collective bargaining role. A collective bargaining role is carried out to lobbying at the national level. According to this, the companies are engaged in joint work and shares a partnership and formulating an employment legislation. Now, CBI is providing a high degree of socialism (Sullivan and Gouldson 2013). Characteristics of Partnership: Partnership in business is when two or more person starts a business in sharing. They share the capital to start the business and they are the owner of the firm according to their shared percentage of capital (Pongrcz 2012). There are characters of the partnership given below: There is a written or oral agreement between the partners to start up a business. Mostly, the agreement is in written. According to the Partnership Act, The relationship between the partners depends on the contract signed by them. It totally depends on how many shares they have in the firm; profit is also divided between them according to their share part (Tailby 2012). The partnership is very good idea to start any business in less capital. It is the way to form the business by less capital. There is sharing of profit depends on the sharing part of the capital. The main purpose of the partnership is to gain the profit. All the partners of the company share the profit and losses accordingly. The partnership must be lawful. The proper laws rules should be followed by the partners before starting a company in the joint venture. There is need of at least two members to start a partnership firm. The minimum number required to set up a partnership firm is two. It is very helpful to earn the profit because all the partners work in proximity with each other and they put their idea and shares experience also that is very helpful to earn the profit. If there is a sole partnership between the partners, then they have the same liabilities. And if they share another partnership then they have business liabilities according to their shares (Vertakova and Plotnikov 2013.). Pros and Cons Advantages and disadvantages There are advantages given of the business union partnership agreement and business partnership: If there is more than one partner then it is easy to establish the business at very less cost. The capital will be more so that the business can be easily established. The employees who are performing well and willing to be a partner of that organization. They will be the further partners of the business (Van Pletzen et al 2014). The income of the union labor is more than the labor who are not involved in any union. Most of the union workers can take benefit more than the nonunion workers. The workers who are not married are also able to take benefit more than the married people. The workers who have joined a union can take the benefit of health insurance. The rate of the health insurance is less given to non-union workers (Evans et al 2012). The disadvantages of the business partnership and business union partnership agreement are given below: There is the main disadvantage of the partnership is the disagreement and the confusion between the partners. The mismatch of the views is the reason for the quarrel between the partners. Another drawback is the taxation law that the partners asked to pay the taxes. They have to return the tax each year that is known as self-assessment tax. The main reason is the profit sharing. The partners share a profit according to their sharing part. This is a reason to break the contract and it may not lead the consistency between the partners. The main demerits are the liability of firm and taxation. Every person of the union has to pay some certain amount every year. In many of the union, there is the requirement of one-time entry fee. There may be some dues that are helpful for the union to pay the salary and to conduct the business of the union. It may be reason of the quarrel between the union leaders and the union workers. There is high chance of the loose of autonomy. So these are the pros and cons of the partnership agreement (Gleeson 2013). Western literature presents the argument that is different from the reality of the life of the people in Singapore. The food organization management is advised that they should not ignore the FDAWU. They can be partner with FDAWU and can improve the productivity rate and quality of the product. If all the workers will work with full devotion, company can grow easily. So the management should start some competitive plan for the worker (Alon et al 2013). There should be some encouragement program to motivate the workers. FDAWU is responsible for the collective bargaining. To reduce the collective bargaining, management should give some extra benefits to the workers so that they did not demand the collective bargaining (Johnson et al 2013). Limitations: Collective bargaining is the main reason or drawback to work in partnership with the FDAWU. But it is the organization for the welfare of workers, there is some limitation. If there are more than two partners of a firm then these problems may happen such as the risk of the assets and the liabilities. Every partner has a number of liabilities of work. The liability of the one partner is not only for the own work done, but every partner needs to pay off for the activities and mistakes of the other partner. If there is loose happen in the business due to the on partner then all the partners have to pay off for that loose. If there is lack of the harmony, then it also may be the reason for the loss (Waring and Lewer 2013). It is very hard to sustain the harmony then there are more than two partners of any organization. There may be dispute between the partners if there is lack of authorities and conflicts in the views. If any of the partners want to withdraw amount then he would not be a ble to withdraw his amount easily. Limited resources in a partnership firm are the main reason of the drawbacks. Partners can be fading up due to the unlimited liability and the workload to manage the company rules and to increase the productivity. Singapore case study Singapores experience cut costs to save jobs: This section includes tripartite agreement concept. The tripartite actions in the relation of the individuals are defined according to the social dialog in Singapore. The main functions of the labor market governance in Singapore are presented by the manpower ministry at the national level and by the Singapore national employers federation (Nair and Paulose H 2014). Less terms and conditions for the employees are set under this Act and also for the frame work of the relationship between employees (Johnstone and Ackers 2014). Manpower ministry is the government department of Singapore. The policies are implemented and coordinated under this federation for the welfare of the workers. All the issues of the workplace are solved by the officers of this government department. The main aim of this organization is to create a global competitive work force of the world. To create a developed society in Singapore and to earn the high rate of profit is the aim of this organization. Ministry of Manpower is also known as MOM. There are some strategies of this organization is given below: To create a workplace where the productivity of the product can be increased easily with the mutual understanding of the staff and the boss. To create the global market competition to compete the other countrys market. To provide the physical security and financial security to all the employees of Singapore. Recommendations for PA Flexible and Competitive Wage System: The management of the food organization is advised to give PA and wages o the employees at the time to increase the productivity. According to the Federal Wage System, the management of the food organization should set its system to pay the salary. The company should cover the appropriate fund and non-appropriate fund for the employees who are being paid according to their working hours. The aim of this system is to the same amount for the employees who are performing the same duties. The wages distribution should be according to their job more than according to their qualification (McCambridge 2014). So in simple words, who are performing same duties should get paid the same salary. There should be implementation of the flexible wages according to the job work of the employees. It is very necessary to create the competition between the employees. Less paid employee will work hard to get more paid. The productivity will also be increased. The management conducts a seminar at time to time to encourage the employees. FDAWU conducts the seminar to encourage the companies to use a flexible and competitive salary system. It is very important so that the competitive working environment can create and the productivity can also be increased. The management of the food organization must give extra funds and benefits for the employees to reduce the complexity and to motivate the workers for extra work. Others Skills Redevelopment Program: There are many countries which encounter the structural unemployment due the economic progress outcome. Singapore is one of them to structure the unemployment. Only time cannot solve the problem. There is need to elaborate with this problem. When some workers will reach to the retirement, this problem can be solved then. But it is not the solution for the unemployment problem. So there must be skilled redevelopment program to structure the unemployment. Much other process should start to increase the job vacancy so that there would be growth in economy of the company as well as the country. Implications for Management and Unions / Employees The implications included in the human resource management remains in the source of controversy. This includes the participations of the workers, and the strategies of the management approaches. In other approaches the implication may include the supplement or prevention of the activities which are independent to the organization of the workers. As the human resource management is referred to the tool for the employees of the management field (Voon 2013). The implications majorly includes: 1) employment growth- it determines the growth of the employment. 2) Workplace closures- it includes the participation of the employees of the workplaces. 3) Scopes of bargaining- explaining the bargaining agendas of the employees. 4) Levels of payment- in represent different types of union pay levels and the recent pay scales of settlements. The recent legislation provides for the trade union corresponds to certain circumstances. Most of the implications work for resolving the problems which shows huge effects on the employees. The implementation also includes the impact of the growth of the workers and the staff levels. As a result this has a direct effect on the sector of the welfare of the employees and the lower level of the staffs. The rate of growth of the employment this sector has gone under negotiations. Conclusion: In this paper, all the facts of the work union discussed above. There are many advantage of the union so management is advised not to ignore the FDAWU and work with the union. It is very helpful to earn the profit and to improve the productivity rate. FDAWU responds how to increase the flexibility and the quality for work life and the productivity. There is the drawback and advantages of the partnership with the FDAWU are given above in the discussion. All the facts about the partnership with the FDAWU are given in this report. It will be very helpful for the management to take the decision whether to ignore the FDAWU or to work with the FDAWU. In short we can say that FDAWU is very helpful to solve all the issues of the food organization. References: Ache, P. and Wood, M., 2016. 7 Local Institutional Responses for Partnershhip: Comparative Evidence from the UK and Germany.Restructuring Industry and Territory: The Experience of Europe's Regions, p.127. Alon, I., Jaffe, E. and Vianelli, D., 2013.Global marketing: contemporary theory, practice, and cases. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, c2013. xxi, 602 pages: illustrations, maps; 26 cm... Bishop, M.L., Heron, T. and Payne, A., 2013. Caribbean development alternatives and the CARIFORUMEuropean Union economic partnership agreement.Journal of International Relations and Development,16(1), pp.82-110. Cheong, I., 2013. Negotiations for the Trans-Pacific Partnership agreement: Evaluation and implications for East Asian regionalism. Chong, D., 2013. Institutions trust institutions critiques by artists of the BP/Tate partnership.Journal of Macromarketing,33(2), pp.104-116. Congress, T.U., 2013, September. Trades Union Congress-Detail is key to public service partnership, says TUC. Trades Union Congress. Congress, T.U., 2013, September. Trades Union Congress-Tony Blair backs TUC partnership plan. Trades Union Congress. Evans, C., Harvey, G. and Turnbull, P., 2012. When partnerships don't match up: an evaluation of labourmanagement partnerships in the automotive components and civil aviation industries.Human Resource Management Journal,22(1), pp.60-75. Gleeson, D., Lopert, R. and Reid, P., 2013. How the Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement could undermine PHARMAC and threaten access to affordable medicines and health equity in New Zealand.Health Policy,112(3), pp.227-233. Johnson, G., Whittington, R., Scholes, K., Angwin, D. and Regnr, P., 2013.Exploring strategy text cases. Pearson Higher Ed. Johnstone, S. and Ackers, P., 2014. Partnership at work and mutual gains.Wiley Encyclopedia of Management. Lang, T. and Heasman, M., 2015.Food wars: The global battle for mouths, minds and markets. Routledge. McCambridge, J., Hawkins, B. and Holden, C., 2014. Vested Interests in Addiction Research and Policy. The challenge corporate lobbying poses to reducing society's alcohol problems: insights from UK evidence on minimum Nair, S. and Paulose, H., 2014. Emergence of green business models: the case of Singaporean study.Energy Policy,65, pp.175-184. Newcomb, M.E. and Mustanski, B., 2013. Racial differences in same-race partnering and the effects of partnership: A prospective partnership diary study.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999),62(3), p.329. Newcomb, M.E., Ryan, D.T., Garofalo, R. and Mustanski, B., 2014. TUC principles,43(1), pp.61-72. Pongrcz, M., 2012. Characteristics of partnership.Demographic Portrait of Hungary. Schlagwein, D. and Bjrn-Andersen, N., 2014.Case example of UK.Journal of the Association for Information Systems,15(11), p.754. Sullivan, R. and Gouldson, A., 2013. Ten years of corporate action on market change in UK: What do we have to show for it?.Energy Policy,60, pp.733-740. Tailby, S., 2012. Employee Representation.Managing Human Resources: Human Resource Management in Transition, pp.289-313. Van Pletzen, E., Zulliger, R., Moshabela, M. and Schneider, H., 2014. The size, characteristics and partnership networks of the health-related non-profit sector in three regions of South Africa: implications of changing primary health care policy for community-based care.Health policy and planning,29(6), pp.742-752. Vertakova, Y. and Plotnikov, V., 2013. UK and Foreign Experience of Interaction Between Government and Business.World Applied Sciences Journal,28(3), pp.411-415. Voon, T. ed., 2013.Trade liberalization and international co-operation: a legal analysis of the trans-pacific partnership agreement and implications. Edward Elgar Publishing. Waring, P. and Lewer, J., 2013. The global financial crisis, employment relations and the labour market in Singapore and Australia.Asia Pacific Business Review,19(2), pp.217-229.

International Marketing Essays (2486 words) - Business, Marketing

International Marketing Measuring a potential business venture has many aspects which the international manager must be aware of in order to convey the correct information back to the decision makers. Being ignorant to any of the aspects can lead to a false representation of the project, and hence an uninformed decision being passed. In order for a business to survive it must grow. For growth to be optimal, management must first be able to identify the most attractive prospective leads. The country as a whole, specifically geography, government, and financial aspects must be looked at in order to yield the best possible picture of the market a company wishes to enter. Concentration should be placed on gathering reliable facts that are backed up by more than one source. It is to be hoped that after creating a picture of the market, management's analysis of the potential business venture and plan of action will be structured as to avoid losses and to find the most profitable scenarios. The success of the multinational corporation lies on the shoulders of it's management. International management and organization-design expert Henry Mintzenberg says every CEO has three essential duties: direct supervision, development of the organization's strategy, and management of the organization's boundary conditions. Top management's responsibility at and beyond the organization's boundaries is largely a communication responsibility; however, no commonly accepted model exists for decision, execution, and assessment of communication opportunities. Within even some of the largest and most venerable organizations, the process used is haphazard and inconsistent. The Wyatt Company's survey of communications professionals showed that just 58.1 percent agreed that their organization's communication objectives are linked to business objectives, and 83.3 percent reported that their organizations conduct no formal review of return on communications investment. CEOs must establish and reinforce an organization's image in public by viewing each target public as a client; by doing research, looking at trends, and talking to experts, a CEO focuses on selling what the client wants to buy.1 Finding a country to conduct business in can be a very easy task depending on if the organization's top management follows the advice of Mr. Mintzenberg. The way a company normally discovers where to conduct research is through leads on potential operations from outside sources. The selection of which leads to investigate becomes the difficult task. After sifting through the leads and finding the right ones to investigate management must formulate an international marketing plan. This further helps management in locating potential markets for their products. The first step is to use secondary research to find out what the sales potential is in a given market. Asking the questions of need, demand, and support gives one a starting point for research. If we were a company that sold pants we might want to ask the following questions. Is there a need for pants? Is it cold enough there to wear pants? Do people that demand the pants have money? These are the questions that one should ask of potential markets. Table 1-located at the end of the paper-shows the statistics that are needed for a general market picture. After gathering the information from the secondary research, the picture of a potential market becomes more evident. However, to make the picture clearer, one must conduct primary research. This research outlines the specifics of the potential market that directly pertain to the product. Robert Douglas' book, Penetrating the International Market, addresses the issue of locating potential markets in greater detail.2 [mg1] After finding a lead that contains profitable markets it is necessary to analyze the venture as a whole. The decisions of companies must be based on the facts of reliable sources on all investments. To gather the information needed for investment projects, management must organize a competent feasibility team. The members of this team should be comprised of employees of the company, this is so that the knowledge will stay within the company. If the resources are not available for an employee conducted study then outside consultants may be used, it may also be beneficial to use a combination of the two. The first step in conducting a study is to design it by using project objectives as the base. During the second step the team must be staffed with people that have the ability to solve problems in any situation. In the third step the team should be properly placed and instructed. In the fourth and final step the product of the feasibility study should be properly communicated to the decision-making management.3 Table 2-located at the end of the paper-shows a general timeline that a company follows through the progression of a feasibility study. The design of a feasibility study first assumes that a company

Disobedient Customers and Employee Turnover Intentions

Disobedient Customers and Employee Turnover Intentions Introduction â€Å"The customer is always right† is a slogan popularized by the management to encourage their staff to take customer complaints seriously (Zikmund Babin, 2006). The underlying assumption is that customers are always â€Å"rational and functional† in their encounters with employees (Harris Reynolds, 2003).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Disobedient Customers and Employee Turnover Intentions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More While honest customer feedback is vital in improving business services or products and growth, addressing unrealistic expectations and requests can affect employees’ morale, leading to high turnover rates (Ben-Zur Yagil, 2005). Therefore, business owners should protect staff from deviant customers to improve employees’ satisfaction, increase confidence in their work and reduce turnover intention. Research shows that there are a variety of fact ors which affect employees’ turnover intentions. According to Harris and Reynolds (2003), such factors may include consumer aggression, job satisfaction, workload, distributive justice and management style. In-depth research reveals that some of the aforementioned factors have positive influence whereas others have negative impact on employees’ turnover intentions (Harris Reynolds, 2003). Research Question The research question for this study is as follows: does customer deviance influence turnover intentions in the service industry? Research Objective The objective of the study is to identify the effect of customer deviance on turnover intentions in the service industry. Background Research Research shows that unruly customers cause psychological and emotional stress to staff through verbal abuse, unreasonable requests, and disrespect for company’s policies (Harry Reynolds, 2003). According to a study conducted by Zikmund and Babin (2006), some customers disp lay verbal aggression that affects employees’ turnover intention. As employees play a mediating role between employers and customers, they may suffer from emotional exhaustion (Harris Reynolds, 2003). When employees face aggression and pressure from their employers, they are likely to develop psychological stress. Harris and Reynolds (2003) point out that psychological stress in the workplace undermines staff morale and job satisfaction, which increases turnover.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this view, Zikmund and Babin (2006) emphasize that support from the management can help staff to deal with hostile clients. Ben-Zur and Yagil (2005) highlight that lack of organizational support and customers’ deviance can cause â€Å"burnout, emotional exhaustion, and low self-esteem† among the personnel. This eventually affects employeesâ €™ productivity and retention. Thus, customer deviance coupled with a lack of organizational support can increase turnover. Research conducted by Zikmund and Babin (2006) also confirms that burnout among employees often occurs due to consumers’ deviance, which leads to undesirable outcomes such as diminished performance, customer dissatisfaction, low commitment to organizational goals and absenteeism. It is therefore beyond reasonable doubt that burnout directly affects employees’ turnover intentions. It is shown that there are personality resources such as optimism and hardiness that keep employees from burning out due to customer aggression (Zikmund Babin, 2006). Numerous studies compare the difference in turnover among employees in different employment sectors. Previous research demonstrates that professionals such as doctors rarely encounter customer aggression, hence they have more job satisfaction than e.g. bank workers and other employees (Harris Reynolds, 2003). Consequently, doctors are less likely to leave their job or absent themselves from it. The research conducted by Harris and Reynolds (2003) also shows that the majority of employees in different sectors get little pay and experience pressure from their bosses, yet they are less likely to leave their jobs, in contrast to those who have to cope with customer aggression. Zikmund and Babin (2006) reiterate that independence in one’s job helps to overcome customer aggression. For instance, while the customer is always right, the doctors can rarely be questioned for their actions, unlike banks and factories employees (Ben-Zur Yagil, 2005). In other words, professions where workers are protected from customer aggression record low turnover intentions. Hypothesis The study will test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in turnover intentions between bank employees (front-desk staff) and factory workers.Advertising We will write a custom research paper samp le on Disobedient Customers and Employee Turnover Intentions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Research Design Previous researchers have relied on survey methodology in order to obtain anecdotal observations on customer aggression and employees’ turnover intentions (Harris Reynolds, 2003). Numerous theories presented in the past have been empirically tested through use of multiple methodologies. However, research-based studies have been proved to be more reliable. Therefore, the study design will involve a descriptive research design. In this case, the research will be qualitative in nature. The study will have dependent and independent variables. Customer deviance will be used as an independent variable. On the other hand, there will be key dependent variables in the study. These will include turnover intention, job satisfaction, customer incivility, and organizational/management support. The study will draw its participants from the front-desk and management staff that spend most of their working hours interacting with customers responding to their problems, queries and complaints. Interview method will be used to collect data from the participants. Each respondent will be interviewed in a 15-minute session using semi-structured questions. The key focus will be on customer incivility, management support, and turnover intentions. It is important to highlight that information provided by participants will be treated as confidential. Data analysis will involve thematic analysis method. Sampling Approach The study focuses on employees’ response to customer aggression. Therefore, the sampled participants will strictly include people who are in banking industry and factory jobs. Moreover, the participants must have ample and direct contact with customers. A convenient sample of 25 participants will be picked from the staff of a bank and a factory. It will consist of 10 front-desk staff (bank), 10 factory work ers, and 5 managers/supervisors. The participants will be selected through random sampling. Moreover, the researcher may use simple but stratified method to sample out participants depending on the nature of employment, age, sex and employment duration. In order to facilitate this procedure, a preliminary request for participation will be sent to the institutions to obtain approval and informed consent. Upon approval, the researcher will schedule the interview dates to collect the data.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Possible Types of Secondary Data Secondary data for hypothesis testing will be obtained from existing sources when primary data is unavailable. Zikmund and Babin (2006) outline four different forms of secondary data, namely, published data, which include personnel records, government reports, public sector reports, and electronic records. Journals, books, and periodicals archived in libraries are the major sources of published data (Zikmund Babin, 2006). These sources will be used to obtain and compare data acquired by different researchers in their study. Data published in periodicals and journals will be preferred since they are often reliable and present-day. Personnel records will encompass personal communications that can be used as sources of secondary data (Landrum, 2014). Personal letters and diaries can provide information, but efforts must be taken to eliminate any bias they may contain.  According to Zikmund and Babin (2006), government reports, particularly â€Å"sur veys, tax records, and census data†, can also provide secondary data for hypothesis testing (p. 37). They are widely available on official government websites and databases. In addition, public/private sector reports published by various institutions contain information that can be useful in the research (Landrum, 2014). Documentaries and films provide electronic data that can also be helpful in the study. To test the study’s hypothesis, the researcher will use more than one type of secondary data (Landrum, 2014). Government reports, newspaper/magazine articles, and private sector reports will be useful sources of secondary data. These sources will provide useful statistics on turnover rates in the banking and manufacturing industries. This will allow the researcher to compare turnover rates between factory and banking staff. Possible Measurement Benchmarks and Scales A benchmark indicates the critical point at which the difference between the sample mean and the expect ed value becomes significant, that is, it supports the null hypothesis (Landrum, 2014). A p-value indicates the acceptable level of significance of a test (Zikmund Babin, 2006). In most studies, the p-values of 0.1, 0.05, and 0.01 are used as benchmarks for acceptable levels of type I error. When the value obtained from statistical tests, such as t-test or Z-test, is lower than the benchmark value, it indicates that the difference is significant or the null hypothesis is not supported.  According to Zikmund and Babin (2006, p. 155), the main scales used to measure variables include â€Å"nominal, ordinal, ratio, and interval† scales. The nominal scale classifies variables into mutually exclusive groups while the ordinal scale organizes data in a ranking order or hierarchy. In an interval scale, the difference between any two values is fixed. On the other hand, a ratio scale is similar to an interval one, but contains â€Å"a true zero point† (Zikmund Babin, 2006, p . 157). The type of measurement scale to be used in research depends on the nature of the study variables.  The proposed research will use a single measurement benchmark, namely,  p = 0.05. Higher values than 0.05 will indicate an acceptable level of significance, i.e., the null hypothesis will be accepted. To measure turnover intentions, job satisfaction, customer incivility perceptions, and organizational support, the study will use the Likert (interval) scale. This scale will provide quantitative differences between the participants’ responses with respect to the four study variables. Data Collection As mentioned earlier, data will be obtained from secondary sources such as books, journals, periodicals, government reports amongst other published materials. Primary data will be obtained from structured interviews. The researcher will email all the participants in advance in order to explain to them the intent of the study and to assure them about the confidentiality of the information that they are to provide during interviews. Responses given by participants will be entered into the MS-Access database for easier analysis. Data Analysis A statistical package may be used to analyze data in order to determine the validity of scales used. SPSS and Microsoft Excel will assist in calculating statistical frequencies (Landrum, 2014). Use of hierarchal regression will aid in comparing the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable such as turnover intensions and level of satisfaction. A co-relational analysis will help to establish the relationship between customer’s deviance and employees’ turnover intentions. Results Upon examining the behavior of employees in various work environments, the researcher will be able to establish the relationship between customer deviance and employees’ turnover intentions. The researcher will consider all demographic factors such as age, sex, job characteristics and hours of interaction with customers. Discussion and implications Depending on the results obtained in the study and the laid objectives, the researcher will be able to make conclusions. Therefore, discussion will be conclusive by approving or disapproving the research hypothesis (Landrum, 2014). The conclusion will determine the implications of the research. Hence, the researcher will make recommendations based on the research implications. It is worth pointing out that major findings will help to formulate managerial implications such as reinforcement of customer orientation and distributive justice. Plans for analyzing the obtained data Upon conducting the interviews with the sampled set of employees, the collected materials will be organized and subjected to thematic analysis in order to find out types of data that occur with certain frequency, which will allow for initial qualitative evaluation of influence of the independent variable (customer deviation) on the dependent variables (turnover intenti on, job satisfaction, customer incivility, and management support). The standard data analysis scheme of editing, coding, and filing the information will be used (Zikmund Babin, 2006, p. 479). After that, the filed information will be evaluated in accordance with Likert scale, and a hierarchical regression will be employed in order to capture the qualitative differences between the responses of the interviewees. Statistical software can be used to determine the qualitative differences and allow for easier co-relational analysis of the obtained data. The null hypothesis can then be tested using the p-value method. Plans for analyzing the achieved results The results will be presented by describing the sampled set of workers, explaining the methodology used in the study, and displaying the results obtained in each of the steps of analyzing the data. The null hypothesis will then be accepted or rejected (depending on the result of the p-value test), and, in case of the positive outcom e, the research question (â€Å"Does customer deviance influence turnover intentions in the service industry?†) will be answered along with presenting the quantitative results obtained. Perceived lacunae of the results will be subjected to discussion. The discussion will also include a comparison between the outcome of the research and the data that is present in secondary sources (reports, journal articles, books etc.) related to the topic, as well as possible explanations for the achieved results. The implications of the study will also be considered, and recommendations based on them will be made. References Ben-Zur, H., Yagil, D. (2005). The Relationship between Empowerment, Aggressive Behaviours of Customers, Coping, and Burnout. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 14, 81-99. Harris, L. C., Reynolds, K. L. (2003). The Consequences of Dysfunctional Customer Behaviour. Journal of Service Research, 6, 144-161. Landrum, E. (2014). Research Methods for B usiness: Tools and Applications. New York, NY: Sage Publishers Inc. Zikmund, W., Babin, B. (2006). Essentials of Marketing Research. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.

Analyse a text connected with your degree subject (which is Film and Essay

Analyse a text connected with your degree subject (which is Film and TV Studies) by applying the ideas of Marx and Althusser - Essay Example what Marx has said about History in his book The holy family, or Critique of critical criticism (1844), Generic thinks it should be understood that â€Å"cinema doesnt make itself, cinema isnt made for itself, cinema is made by and for us. Films relation to the mass becomes a question of how to understand its situation as a medium capable of reaching many millions of people, potentially disparate in place and time.† (Generic. 2006). In today’s world, cinema is still one of the most influential medium to reach a large mass of people across the world. All the social, political, cultural and ideological issues which have, or could have created raves in the history of human beings are dealt from a common or unusual perspective in cinema. A section of people use this medium to express their ideas and beliefs on a particular topic which sometimes collide with the established school of thoughts, and sometimes greatly accepted. The underlying discussion on the above-mentioned b ook focuses specifically on the aspect of feminism in line with the perceptions of Karl Marx and Louis Althusser. Marx’s ideology of history being the struggle between classes is also applicable in the history of feminism. Women as a dominated class have struggled for identity and existence against the male class. They have fought for their freedom from patriarchal control, for their rights and privileges as independent human beings. Women have evolved through slavery to primitive communism- a term supposed to have introduced by Marx to indicate rights of an individual to basic resources and freedom from authoritarian rule and hierarchical social structure. The Marxist theory of feminism focuses on shattering of capitalism in order to emancipate women. The capitalist society, which largely values personal assets to demarcate the social position of an individual, is at the base of women’s oppression, according to Marxist feminism. Marx and Engel analyses that if the capitalist society, which

Question response Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Question response - Coursework Example This in fact frequently happens, such organizations are called sects and their faith sometimes can be based on absurd things (like Flying Spaghetti Monster or something like this). That’s why there must be some criteria to estimate whether an organization can be authoritative enough to get funding, for example, worldwide acceptance and straight canon of religious traditions of an organization. One more problem with creating new faith-based organizations is that they can teach new generations to do some harmful things, because justifying, for example, not curing disease relying on â€Å"faith healing† may be even fatal. To control some things that people can justify by religion or faith government should pass some acts (especially ethical ones), which will require some definite behavioral patterns in certain situations. As far as religious organizations are social institutions, they work within certain state and under its law, that’s why they must be controlled by the government and be partly supported by it within some scopes of

Development from Conception to 16 Years Essay Example for Free

Development from Conception to 16 Years Essay E1- The age group I have chosen to describe is birth to 3 year olds on their physical development and communication and language development. In this age range the physical development changes from birth where they generally don’t do anything which develops as between 3 – 6 months the child can hold a rattle for a moment, reaching for a toy, putting toys in their mouth, lifting their head up, moving their arms to indicate wanting to be picked up and rolling over. This development changes much more as when the child is 9 – 18 months as they can grasp objects, can sit unsupported, can crawl , can point at objects, start to use a spoon and self-feed, start to walk, start to scribble and build a tower of three blocks. Then at 2 years the child can draw circles and dots, can use spoons to feed their self’s effectively, can run, climb on furniture and use sit and ride toys. At 3 years the child can do all the stuff from the ages before but also turn the pages of a book, wash and dry their own hands, run forwards and backwards, kick a stationary ball and throw a ball as this develop is done with the help of the child’s family as the encourage the child’s physical development. The communication and language development happens because at this age there co-operation from early motherese by asking them to show you objects and then learn to follow simple instructions but their communication and language develops as first all the can do is cry and make cooing noises which then turns to babbling at 6 – 10 months where they â€Å"goo† and â€Å"ma† as the child blends vowels and consonants together to make tuneful sounds. Then at around 12 months this develops to the child saying â€Å"momma† and â€Å"dada† as they start to show facial expressions and gestures but can now combine sounds. From 1 – 2 years they learn more words so they can make mini sentences when they speak and manage to name things when you point to something, and from 2 – 3 years they can communicate well and manage to ask questions and say full sentences as at this age there is a large increase in a child’s vocabulary combined with an increase in the use sentences. E2- The age group I have chosen to describe is 3 – 7 year olds on their physical development and communication and language development. In this age range the physical development changes from being 3 years and being able to just learning to walk and run, walk on their tiptoes, wash and dry their hands, put a coat on and off and use a spoon to feed them self’s without the  food spilling. To when they are 4 – 5 years where the child should start being able to button and unbutton their own clothing, cut simple shapes, put puzzles together specifically for their age range, write their name, form letters, draw recognisable pictures, cut out shapes with scissors, draw around a template, walk on a line, hop on one foot, skip with a rope, run quickly avoiding objects and use a variety of large equipment on their own (e.g. slide, swings†¦). Then at the age 6 – 7 years the child should be able to join handwriting, cut shapes out accurately, make detailed dra wings, tie and untie shoelaces, hop, skip and jump confidently, chase and dodge others, balance on a beam and use a bicycle. This is because in this age the child is helped through their physical development by their parents, family, teachers and peers as they encourage the child. Communication and language development happens very effectively in this age range as at 3 – 4 years they are able to ask questions and be fascinated with answers given to them by saying â€Å"if† to find out what happens, say their name age address and be more accurate in speaking how they pronounce words. At 4-7 years the child tries to understand the meaning of words, talk more confidently and begins to be more and more fluent, manages to add vocabulary all of the time in their speech, begin to share ideas, begin to realise different situations and define what objects are, this is because in this age range a child masters the basic skills of language and masters the reproduction of most sounds. E3- One theoretical perspective linking to E1 and E2 is Chomsky’s theory of language development. His theory is a nativist theory as he suggests that humans have a built in ability to learn a language. Chomsky states that children have a â€Å"Language Acquisition Device† (LAD) which encodes the major principles of a language into a child’s brain. Chomsky’s theory also states that children are able to use language so accurately from an early age because they only have to learn the new vocabulary and apply the structures from the LAD to form sentences. Chomsky believes that they cannot be learning the language purely through imitation as the speech around them is often broken and ungrammatical. Even with extremely complex languages children will become fluent in their native language by the age of 5 or 6. A second theoretical perspective linking to E1 and E2 is Skinner’s theory of language development. Skinner’s theory is a nurture or behaviouristic theory. According to Skinner’s theory a child initially  acquires through an operant process this means that the child learns voluntarily without any external force so learning of its own free will and without any sort of pressure. According to Skinner the whole process is based upon 4 elements as it is stated on slideshare.net which are â€Å"stimulus, response, reinforcement and repetition†. For example a child will make a sound if they want something. If the child gets the response it wants they will associate that sound with the act or response and will continue to use it to achieve that response. Skinner believes that learning language is no different from learning anything else and anything which is lodged in the mind of the child becomes part and parcel of the child’s life. E5- for my observations I have done a tick chart, time sample and written narrative on a child aged 3 years and 11 months E6- In order to maintain confidentiality throughout the observations each child is referred to as child A, B or X rather than their names being used so that other people do not recognise who we are observing should they know the child. Each setting is referred to in a general form such as primary school, pre-school and nursery. The information gathered is only accessible to the observer and in some cases the teacher or a high member of staff if something is noticed that is either of a concern or needs addressing. Also maintaining confidentiality is very important in a setting as it shows respect to people so then they can trust you so if they have any concerns then can come and tell you. But if a child is at risk confidentially may be broken if a practitioner thinks child protection should know. D1- The observations that I carried out show that child A struggles to recognise numbers and letters in general. This may be because they are a kinaesthetic learner and is more confident in absorbing information through practical methods rather than through visual methods. This suggests that child A needs more help with their numbers and writing so to help we could plan activities to help do these which are more appropriate to the child’s learning style and suggest at home they practise counting and writing to develop on this to get them up to the same or a similar level as the rest in their year. Also the observations show that child A is not yet confident about showing and talking to the rest of the class at show and tell, this may be because the child is very shy which could be because the child is not used to being at the school yet and doesn’t feel confident enough as they might still not know everyone and become shy because they  have never noticed or spoke to s ome of their peers. D2- the observations in E4 can help with planning to meet the child’s needs as from observing you can see the child’s interests and find the best way to help them reach the next level of development or ways to maintain a desirable behaviour. Doing observations also helps early years practioners learn more about the age group they are working with so then they will be able to plan activities to each individuals learning styles and individual needs. For example the child I observed in E4 is not very confident talking to the whole class at show and tell so from knowing that I would plan for them to do group work with friends at first then try and mix groups so she still has 2 friends with her so they can make new friends with the people in the class they haven’t spoken to, to try and gain confidence to talk to all other peer’s in the class. Also the child turned out to be a kinaesthetic learner so while planning I would make sure there are activities to just get on with and do so the child can do activities that are to their interest and learning style as well as trying things that are not their favourite learning style but my help them in some way. C- Confidentiality and objective observation are both subjects that are seen as important; this is because confidentiality is very important in teaching and for practioners to keep confidentiality which means they can only speak of things they have seen in the workplace to other members of the staff or supervisors if it is a concern, but no one else outside of the placement should be informed. By using confidentiality we are assuring the safety of the child and their family. Also we are able to make and keep a reputation for ourselves and the setting so we gain the trust of parents, guardians and the local community by protecting information and the children plus working to a child’s best interest. Each child and their family are diverse as they all have their own differences so if we include every child in an observation it shows to be unbiased. The issues which are essential to confidentiality are personal attitudes and values, sharing information, safe storage of information, working with parents, legal requirements and polices.

Galahad as a Christ Figure Essay -- God Religion Galahad Essays Papers

Galahad as a Christ Figure Very few people can call themselves a Christ figure. There are so many elements that go into being a Christ figure. Galahad had all those elements. He was enraptured, he saw 'the wonders of the Holy Grail', and he had disciples. Also, he made life better for human beings by sacrificing himself for others, he preformed miracles, and he heard holy voices and saw holy visions. Because of all that he did Galahad was a proven Christ figure of his time. Galahad would hear holy voices and see visions throughout his journeys. Galahad saw a vision of angels praying about a silver table, meaning that he was close to the end of his search for the Holy Grail. Many times voices would help him and warn him. At one time he was about to kill one of the knights he had been fighting when a voice told him, 'If those two knights had known you as well as I do, they would let you alone.' Hearing this, Galahad rode off without killing either of the knights. The voice saved him from killing his own father. 'For once caution was the better part of valor!' Performing miracles to make life better for human beings is a characteristic that Christ figures possess. When the silver table appeared on Galahad?s boat, he needed help taking it off. He called to an old crippled man to help him carry it. The old man told Galahad that he had been crippled for far too long and such a task would be impossible for him. Finally, the cripple obeyed Galahad and when he stood up he ...

Poverty and the Global Sex Trade Essay

As the global economy continues to slide downhill, the global poverty case worsens. Major businesses are forced to shut down, causing more and more people to lose their jobs everyday. People are willing to do anything just to earn money in order for them to put food on their plates. Because of this, many are forced to do things they don’t even want to do. This is the case of the global sex trade. Fueled by the worsening global poverty, more and more people resort to prostitution in order to survive. The culprit: poverty Before we discuss the growing problem of global sex trade, we should focus first on its main cause: poverty. In the 2005 World Bank report on poverty, it is stated that almost half of the world’s total population or more than 3 billion people live on less than two and a half dollars a day (Shah, 2009). Also, around 80% of all humanity lives on less than ten dollars every day (Shah, 2009). With that established, we can say that majority of the people are suffering from poverty, pushing us to doing whatever we can to earn money for our survival. The facts mentioned above were taken even before the global economic crisis that we’re experiencing now. So if we consider it as another factor, it is easy to assume that the global poverty problem even worsened. From what I’ve read, I can say that everyone is affected by the global poverty problem. Even the rich people are shutting down their businesses. But still the ones more affected by the worsening case of poverty are the poor people. They are poor to begin with, so as the poverty problem worsens, their situation also worsens. They’re poor even when they have a job, so when they get fired or laid off because of the global economic crisis, then they’ll be the ones who will be forced to do anything just to earn money. They’re more likely to commit crimes or be involved in prostitution not because they wanted to, but because they have no other choice. The crime: global sex trade We have now established that poverty could push people into doing things they don’t want to do. We now focus on the specific problem of sex trade or sex trafficking. According to Sarah M. Gonzales, as spokesperson of Captive Daughters Organization, sex trade acts â€Å"as the delivery system for prostitution† and that it involves a lot of young, poor women and even under aged girls turning to sex trade and prostitution as that they would be able to provide for themselves and their families because they’re left with no other choice (Gonzales, 2008). What most of us don’t know is that usually, sex trade is a big business, wherein some people are exploiting others for their own profit. It is a big business, coming in second to drug and gun trafficking worldwide. According to the United States government, the profit that criminals make out of the sex trade business can reach up to $9. 5 billion annually. There are efforts to curb this problem, including the arrest of the people behind major sex trade business. But as the poverty problem worsens, more and more people resort to this business despite its illegal, exploitative nature. The trade has continued to grow worldwide, as we continue to suffer more with poverty. In order to address this problem, two aspects should be addressed properly. One is capturing the criminals who orchestrate the sex trade, and the other one is addressing poverty, which is the main reason why sex trafficking continues to proliferate. The victim: the youth For me, I am against sex trade, and with the worsening of its global condition, I firmly believe that we should give our best efforts to solve this problem. In order to further understand why we need to give more focus on this problem, we have to look at the ones who are directly affected by these problems. It isn’t really the middle-aged working class who suffer more from this problem. It’s the youth who bears this burden in their shoulders. At times of need, these young men and women are compelled to risk their bodies and their lives just to earn money to support their family. They’re the ones exploited; the ones who are supposed to be our future would end up getting exploited and abused all because of poverty. This exploitation of the youth in sex trade is not confined to one part of the world only. It affects every corner of the globe, rich and poor countries alike. As long as poverty exists, the youth will continue to be exploited and be a global commodity in the sex trade. According to Stephan Faris, a WEnews correspondent, a foreign prostitute in Italy could make â€Å"far more than Nigeria’s average income of less than a dollar a day† and this could be a very encouraging deal for a girl’s family to send their daughter into sex trafficking (Faris, 2002). When sex trafficking became popular, Nigerian girls were seen as good for making money, though before they were viewed as something dispensable (Faris, 2002). They found their worth only as a source of income for them, so the families are really open to sending their daughters to sex traffickers, not minding where they’re sent. It is a pretty harsh environment for these young women, because their only chance to survive is to sell themselves for sex, and in foreign soil, they have no one else to rely on except themselves. At a very young age, they have to experience such things already, all because of poverty. The adverse effects of Global Sex Trade Another reason why I believe that we should give more attention to worsening case of global sex trade is its adverse effects. These outcomes affect not only those directly involved with the sex trade, but also other people in our society. Probably the most evident effect is the increasing rate of HIV/AIDS prevalence. In a United Nations report made available through the U. N. Wire, it is said that â€Å"the influx of sex workers has sparked fears about the spread of AIDS† in various places including refugee camps, communities, and a lot more (Nuhu, 1999). The situation is worsened because some people, including government officials, lack a sense of commitment to address this problem, and the people living in the community have very limited understand about these diseases. It is also said that with the worsening case of poverty, those who are likely to be affected by HIV/AIDS are the young children who are trying to make a living out of prostitution. Solving the problem For me, I can see this as a challenge to us all. Of course, we have to consider ourselves first before we deal with others, especially in this time of need. But still, there are some things that we can do to help solve this problem. One is through information. We can contribute to the solution by spreading what we know, about the causes, the victims, and the effects of this problem. The people who are able to give or lend a hand should do so, especially if they have some extra money or help that they can spare. Even though we are dealing with the poverty problem ourselves, we could still do something to stop another problem like sex trade from worsening. It does not only protect the young people who engage in the trade, but it also protects the whole community, including us. References: Faris, S. (2002). Italy’s Sex Trade Pulls Teens Pushed by Poverty. Retrieved April 3, 2009, from http://www. womensenews. org/article. cfm/dyn/aid/1005/context/archive Gonzales, S. M. (2008). Poverty & Sex Trafficking. Retrieved April 3, 2009, from http://www. captivedaughters. org/gatesfoundation. htm Nuhu, A. (1999). Poverty Fuels Commercial Sex Trade, HIV/AIDS. Retrieved April 3, 2009, from http://www. unwire. org/unwire/19990618/3267_story. asp Shah, A. (2009). Poverty Facts and Stats. Retrieved April 3, 2009, from http://www. globalissues. org/article/26/poverty-facts-and-stats